Nitta Yoshisada was killed in battle in 1338, and Emperor Daigo II died in 1339. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. Significant events shape the period during which Yoshimitsu was shogun: Yoshimitsu constructed his residence in the Muromachi section in the capital of Kyoto in 1378. During the preceding Kamakura period (1185–1334), the Hōjō clan enjoyed absolute power in the governing of Japan. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, shogun (hereditary military dictator) of Japan, who achieved political stability for the Ashikaga shogunate, which had been established in 1338 by his grandfather, Ashikaga Takauji. Yoshimitsu continued to maintain authority over the shogunate until his death.[10]. I think we can read a new image of Yoshimitsu. In 1394, Yoshimitsu gave up his title in favor of his young son, and Yoshimochi was formally confirmed in his office as Seii Taishogun. [12], The years in which Yoshimitsu was shogun are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō. Yoshimitsu reopened formal trade with China and is remembered as a sponsor of the arts; he commissioned the famous Golden Pavilion (Kinkaku-ji) in Kyōto. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ashikaga-Yoshimitsu, The Samurai Archives - Samurai Wiki - Biography of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. This name was derived from the Muromachi district, which can be found in Kyoto. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (足利 義満?, September 25, 1358 – May 31, 1408) was the 3rd shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who ruled from 1368 to 1394 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimitsu resolved the rift between the Northern and Southern Courts in 1392, when he persuaded Go-Kameyama of the Southern Court to hand over the Imperial Regalia to Emperor Go-Komatsu of the Northern Court. The period of this shogunate’s rule (until 1573) subsequently became known as the Muromachi period after the district of Kyōto in which Yoshimitsu lived. Tadayoshi had performed important services in the ris… This monopoly of power, as well as the lack of a reward of lands after the defeat of Mongol invasion, led to simmering resentment among Hōjō vassals. Yoshimitsu was Ashikaga Yoshiakira's third son but the oldest … As a result, daimyos (feudal lords) gained more control. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The period of this shogunate’s rule (until 1573) subsequently became known as the Muromachi In 1392 Yoshimitsu ended an imperial division of Japan caused by Takauji’s seizure of Kyōto, which had forced the emperor Go-Daigo (reigned 1318–39) and his adherents to flee to the Yoshino Mountains, south of Nara, where they established a court separate from that of the emperor designated by Takauji in Kyōto. The ensuing period of Ashikaga rule (1336–1573) was called Muromachi from the district of Kyoto in which its headquarters – the Hana-no-gosho – were located by third shōgun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu in 1378. Nanboku-chō southern court. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. 1394 – Yoshimitsu officially cedes his position to his son; 1398 – Muromachi administration organized. The Ashikaga family became one of the most powerful in Japan during the Kamakura period (1199–1333). "The adult Yoshimitsu dominated Bakufu politics for nearly 30 years, from 1379 until his death in 1408." During his time in office, Oda Nobunaga’s invasion of Kyoto had already made the shogunate lose its power over the country, making Ashikaga Yoshiaki only a puppet shogun. 1391 – Yamana Ujikyo attacks Kyoto – Meitoku War. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Updates? Yoshimitsu also played a major role in the genesis of Noh theatre, as the patron of Zeami Motokiyo, the actor considered to be Noh's founder. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (1358 - 1408) was the 3rd Ashikaga shogun who reigned from 1368 to 1394 during the Muromachi period of Japan. When Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (1358–1408) became shogun in 1369, a position he held until 1395, he was able to develop a system by which families loyal to him held much regional power, and the office of military governor was rotated between the Hosokawa, Hatakeyama, and Shiba families. [9], Although Yoshimitsu retired in 1394 and his son was confirmed as the fourth shogun Ashikaga Yoshimochi, the old shogun didn't abandon any of his powers. Finally, in 1333, the Emperor Go-Daigo ordered local governing vassals to oppose Hōjō rule, in favor of Imperial restoration, in the Kenmu Restoration. …withdrawal of Go-Daigo to Yoshino, Ashikaga Takauji set up a, …by the Japanese, under the Ashikaga shogun Yoshimitsu. After Yoshimitsu however, the structural weakness of the Ashikaga shogunate were exposed by numerous succession troubles and early deaths. In this Japanese name, the family name is Ashikaga. [13] As a result, in Japanese, the Ashikaga shogunate and the corresponding time period are often referred to as the Muromachi shogunateand Muromachi period. (2009) "Locational Pedigree and Warrior Status in Medieval Kyoto: The Residences of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu," in, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, "Kamakura and Muromachi Periods, 1185–1573; Economic and Cultural Developments,", https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshimitsu?oldid=5226625. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu became a shogun at 11, in a time when the Northern and Southern Japanese dynasties were fighting. He managed to unify the nation, put the feudal lord society in order and finally restore officially the relationships with Myng Dynasty at the age of 46. [8], Yoshimitsu resolved the rift between the Northern and Southern Courts in 1392, when he persuaded Go-Kameyama of the Southern Court to hand over the Imperial Regalia to Emperor Go-Komatsu of the Northern Court. Ashikaga Yoshimasa (足利 義政, January 20, 1436 – January 27, 1490) was the 8th shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1449 to 1473 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Not until the rule of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (as shōgun, 1368–94, and chancellor, 1394–1408) did a semblance of order emerge. To counter this revolt, the Kamakura bakufu ordered Ashikaga Takauji to quash the uprisin… The term “shogun” is an abbreviation of the official title Sei-i Taishōgun(“Commander-in-Chief of the Expeditionary Force Against the Barbarians”) which was given to military leaders enlisted by the imperial government to fight the Ezo tribes of northern Japan during the 8th and 9th centuries. Yoshimitsu constructed his residence in the Muromachi section in the capital of Kyoto in 1378. His hold over the countryside was not completely secure, however, and he had to deal with several serious revolts by provincial warrior groups during his reign. For example, he might grant control of one province to one brother, but give his other brother two provinces to govern. Ashikaga Yoshiteru (足利 義輝, March 31, 1536 – June 17, 1565), also known as Yoshifushi or Yoshifuji, was the 13th shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1546 to 1565 during the late Muromachi period of Japan.He was the eldest son of the 12th shōgun, Ashikaga Yoshiharu, and his mother was a daughter of Konoe Hisamichi (later called 慶寿院 Keijuin). His close relationship with Zeami was not only based on his appreciation of Zeami's aesthetic sensibilities but also on the fact that Yoshimitu, known as an enthusiastic practitioner of Shudo, or Samurai pederasty, was infatuated with the young Zeami and took the young man as his lover. [3], "The principal beneficiary of these achievements [the solid political and economic standing of the Muromachi Bakufu] was the adult Yoshimitsu, who assumed power in his own right upon the forced resignation of Hosokawa Yoriyuki in 1379" - The Ōnin War - H. Paul Varley: Page 58. In 1381 he became inner minister, later advancing to the position of minister of the left and, in 1394, minister of state. 1373–1406 – Embassies between China and Japan. This event had the effect of firmly establishing the authority of the Muromachi shogunate and suppressing the power of the regional age daimyo who might challenge that central authority. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (足利 義満?, September 25, 1358 – May 31, 1408) was the 3rd shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate, which was in power from 1368 to 1394 during the Muromachi period of Japan.Yoshimitsu was appointed shogun, hereditary head of the military estate, in 1368 at the age of ten; at twenty he was admitted to the imperial court as Acting Grand Counselor (Gon Dainagon 権大納言). [11] After his death, his retirement villa (near Kyoto) became Rokuon-ji, which today is famous for its three-storied, gold-leaf covered reliquary known as "Kinkaku." 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